2004-07-01

OBJECTIVE: Insulin control of fatty acid metabolism has long been deemed dominated by suppression of adipose lipolysis. The goal of the present study was to test the hypothesis that this single role of insulin is insufficient to explain observed fatty acid dynamics.

CAS Article PubMed Google Scholar An overabundance of fatty acids has long been known to induce insulin resistance. 5,6 Excessive fatty acid uptake into insulin-responsive tissues like skeletal muscle is thought to induce insulin Free fatty acids (FFA) are elevated in insulin-resistant states and are thought to play a critical role in the progression to type 2 diabetes. Palmitate is the predominant circulating saturated FFA. It is elevated in the insulin-resistant states [ 6 ] and known to induce insulin resistance in vitro [ 7 ]. The biochemical and molecular processes linking saturated fats to insulin resistance remain unresolved but may relate to altered membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition and membrane fluidity and stability , changes in lipogenic gene transcription , the type of fatty acids within TAG (2, 28), and direct interference with insulin signaling (8, 21, 41, 45, 51).

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Single-cell analysis of insulin-regulated fatty acid uptake in adipocytes Oleg Varlamov,1 Romel Somwar,3 Anda Cornea,1 Paul Kievit,1 Kevin L. Grove,1 and Charles T. Roberts, Jr.1,2 1Oregon National Primate Research Center and 2Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, 2002-04-01 · This translocation was observed within minutes of insulin treatment and was paralleled by an increase in long chain fatty acid (LCFA) uptake. In contrast, treatment with TNF-α inhibited basal and insulin-induced LCFA uptake and reduced FATP1 and -4 levels. Insulin- and leptin-regulated fatty acid uptake plays a key causal role in hepatic steatosis in mice with intact leptin signaling but not in ob/obor db/dbmice Fengxia Ge,1,*Shengli Zhou,1,*Chunguang Hu,1Harrison Lobdell, IV,1and Paul D. Berk1,2 Divisions of 1Digestive and Liver Disease and Insulin Causes Fatty Acid Transport Protein Translocation and Enhanced Fatty Acid Uptake in Adipocytes 3B, leading to decreased cAMP levels, which prevent the activation of hormone-sensitive lipase (Holm et al., 2000). How insulin affects the uptake of LCFAs has not been studied extensively. Uptake of LCFAs into adipocytes is predominantly 1994-06-01 · We concluded that fatty acids caused a dose-dependent inhibition of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (by decreasing glycogen synthesis and CHO oxidation) and that FFA and/or glycerol increased insulin-suppressed hepatic glucose output and thus caused insulin resistance at the peripheral and the hepatic level.

We hypothesize that excess saturated fatty acids (obtained through a diet rich in rigid cellular membranes that in turn impair insulin signalling, glucose uptake 

av L Sinisalu · 2020 · Citerat av 4 — The results indicate more efficient uptake of PFAS in such infants. In particular, the PFAS exposure has a marked impact on bile acid (BA) against insulin (IAA), tyrosine phosphatase-like protein (IA-2A) and glutamate decarboxylase (GADA). TGs, with variable patterns depending on the fatty acyl saturation level (Fig. FATTY-ACID UPTAKE, HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE, TERM SPRINT INTERVAL, MITOCHONDRIAL BIOGENESIS, INSULIN SENSITIVITY, AUTONOMIC  glucose, insulin, fatty acids.

This study was conducted to evaluate the chronic effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on fatty acid and glucose metabolism in human skeletal muscle cells. Uptake of [14C]oleate was increased >2-fold after preincubation of myotubes with 0.6 mM EPA for 24 h, and incorporation into various lipid classes showed that cellular triacylgycerol (TAG) and phospholipids were increased 2- to 3-fold

Since insulin resistance and type II diabetes in humans are characterised by high glucose levels and the reduced uptake of sugar to the muscles, it is hoped that  av TJ Horton · 2001 · Citerat av 56 — The FSIGTT gives both the insulin sensitivity index and glucose effectiveness as cose-fatty acid cycle as first proposed by Randle et al.

2012-03-12 2019-06-24 Interestingly, fatty acid uptake was reasonably well matched to the rate of fatty acid oxidation in NORM-S i (3.8±0.5 vs 3.7±0.2 μmol kg −1 min −1, respectively), but in LOW-S i the rate of 2012-09-14 2006-10-01 The biochemical and molecular processes linking saturated fats to insulin resistance remain unresolved but may relate to altered membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition and membrane fluidity and stability , changes in lipogenic gene transcription , the type of fatty acids within TAG (2, 28), and direct interference with insulin signaling (8, 21, 41, 45, 51).
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Vascular endothelial growth factor B controls endothelial fatty acid uptake Targeting VEGF-B as a novel treatment for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The Omega-3 Fatty Acids EPA and DHA, as a Part of a Murine High-Fat Diet, Reduced Postprandial lipid and insulin responses among healthy, overweight men to Effects of divalent metal ions on the uptake of glutamate and GABA from  av M Similä · Citerat av 4 — saturated plus trans fatty acids, but not unsaturated fatty acids, was inversely associated degree of glucose uptake depends, in addition to glucose and insulin  There is no reason to test overweight or obese children for insulin “Fasting insulin is not an optimal tool for the individual assessment of peripheral insulin sensitivity… Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is also strongly associated with insulin resistance in children, she said.

Our aim was to determine whether meal fatty acids influence insulin and glucose responses to mixed meals and whether these effects can be explained by variations in postprandial NEFA and Apo, which regulate the metabolism of triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins (Apo C and E). Objective—Insulin control of fatty acid metabolism has long been deemed dominated by suppression of adipose lipolysis.
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May 16, 2011 Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by increased hepatic glucose production (HGP), the inability of insulin to increase the uptake of glucose 

Riksen, N.P., et al., Acute elevation of plasma non-esterified fatty acids  av T KIM · 2018 · Citerat av 1 — 149-LB: The MetAP2 Inhibitor, ZGN-1061, Improves Insulin Sensitivity and SGLT2 Inhibition Does Not Affect Myocardial Fatty Acid Oxidation or Uptake, but  av MG till startsidan Sök — Synonymer Ärftlig karnitinbrist, Carnitine uptake defect, CUD, Systemic Glukosbehandlingen stimulerar till insöndring av insulin, som mycket snabbt Spiekerkoetter U. Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation disorders: clinical  Insulin inhibits lipolysis in the adipocyte, inhibits proteolysis and enhances protein glycogen, fatty acid, glycerol and protein synthesis and amino acid uptake,  A key enzyme in the insulin signaling network is phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase). PI3-kinase catalyzes 19 1.5.5 Fatty acid uptake . 2 tim löpning + vatten (icke diabetiker). → FFA ca 1 mmol/l.

2.3 Measurement of fatty acid uptake To determine fatty acid uptake, L6 skeletal muscle cells were grown on cover slips in 12‐well plates. After 24 h treatment with or without resistin (50 nM), cells were starved for 3–5 h and incubated with insulin (100 nM) for 15 min, in the continued presence of resistin.

Insulin promotes synthesis of fatty acids in the liver. As discussed above, insulin is stimulatory to synthesis of glycogen in the liver. 2008-06-01 Fatty acid uptake into 3T3 L1 adipocytes is predominantly transporter mediated. Here we show that, during 3T3 L1 adipocyte differentiation, expression of fatty acid transport proteins (FATPs) 1 and 4 is induced. Using subcellular membrane fractionation and immunofluorescence microscopy, we demonstrate that, in adipocytes, insulin induces plasma membrane translocation of FATPs from an Because there is evidence, based on studies in cultured cells 39,40 that insulin promotes fatty acid uptake, we tested the hypothesis that fatty acid uptake is, in part, regulated by insulin in a group of subjects with a wide range of S Is. This hypothesis was corroborated using measured plasma insulin … It is clear that resistin decreased uptake of this long chain fatty acid whereas insulin caused the expected small increase in uptake. Quantitative analysis of this data shows that incubation of cells with resistin for 24 h significantly reduced both basal and insulin‐stimulated fatty acid uptake (Fig.

Variation in free fatty acids ( ) and insulin ( ) concentrations in response to meals in healthy people (upper panel, reprinted from Frayn KN, 1998) [6] and fatty acid levels in mild essential hypertensive patients (---) and normotensive control subjects (——) (lower panel, reprinted from Singer P et al. 1985) [5]. 2015-03-13 · The exocyst is an octameric molecular complex that drives vesicle trafficking in adipocytes, a rate-limiting step in insulin-dependent glucose uptake.